Bismuth Facts

Symbol

Bi

Atomic Number

83

Atomic Weight

208.98037

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p³

Element Classification

Metal

Discovery

Known to the ancients.

Name Origin

German: bisemutum, (white mass), presently spelled wismut.

Density (g/cc)

9.747

Melting Point (K)

44.5

Boiling Point (K)

1883

Appearance

hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a pinkish tinge

Atomic Radius (pm)

170

Atomic Volume (cc/mol)

21.3

Covalent Radius (pm)

146

Ionic Radius

74 (+5e) 96 (+3e)

Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol)

0.124

Fusion Heat (kJ/mol)

11.00

Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol)

172.0

Debye Temperature (K)

120.00

Pauling Negativity Number

2.02

First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol)

702.9

Oxidation States

5, 3

Lattice Structure

rhombohedral

Lattice Constant (Å)

4.750

References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry & Physics (18th Ed.)

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