Languages › French French Past Participle: Participe Passé Introduction to the French Past Participle Share Flipboard Email Print Fatigué, je suis rentré à minuit." (Tired, I went home at midnight.). Chesnot/Getty Images French Grammar Pronunciation & Conversation Vocabulary Resources For Teachers By ThoughtCo Team Updated on February 25, 2020 The past participle, called le participe passé in French, is very similar in French and English. The French past participle usually ends in -é, -i, or -u, while its English equivalent usually ends in -ed or -en. The past participle has three main uses in French: 1. With an auxiliary verb, the past participle forms compound tenses such as the passé composé: J'ai travaillé hier. I worked yesterday. Il est arrivé à midi. He arrived at noon. 2. With être, the past participle is used to conjugate the French passive voice. Le ménage est fait tous les jours. The housework is done every day. Ce film sera suivi d'une discussion. This movie will be followed by a discussion. 3. Standing alone or with être, the French past participle may be an adjective. Note that in some instances, the participe passé must be translated by the English present participle. Fatigué, je suis rentré à minuit. Tired, I went home at midnight. Le garçon déçu a pleuré. The disappointed boy cried. Le chien assis sur le canapé est mignon. The dog sitting (seated) on the couch is cute. Je ne vois pas d'homme agenouillé. I don't see a kneeling man. Ce livre est écrit en espagnol. This book is written in Spanish. Sais-tu si le débat est terminé ? Do you know if the debate is finished? Note: When used in the passive voice or as an adjective, the past participle needs to agree in gender and number with the word it modifies, following the normal rules of adjective agreement. In the compound tenses, it may or may not need to agree, depending on certain factors. La voiture est lavée par mon fils. The car is washed by my son. Les solutions proposées sont parfaites. The proposed solutions are perfect. Elles sont allées à la banque. They went to the bank. Où est Lise ? Je l'ai vue ce matin. Where is Lise? I saw her this morning. The past participle of regular verbs is formed by dropping the infinitive ending of a verb and adding é, i, or u to -er, -ir, and -re verbs, respectively: -ER verbs Verb parler (to talk)Remove erAdd éPast participle parlé (talked) -IR verbs Verb réussir (to succeed)Remove irAdd iPast participle réussi (succeeded) -RE verbs Verb vendre (to sell)Remove reAdd uPast participle vendu (sold) Most irregular French verbs have irregular past participles: acquérir > acquisapprendre > apprisatteindre > atteintavoir > eu boire > bu comprendre > comprisconduire > conduitconnaître > connuconstruire > construitcourir > courucouvrir > couvertcraindre > craintcroire > cru décevoir > déçudécouvrir > découvertdevoir > dûdire > dit écrire > écritêtre > été faire > fait instruire > instruit joindre > joint lire > lu mettre > mismourir > mort offrir > offertouvrir > ouvert naître > né paraître > parupeindre > peintpouvoir > puprendre > prisproduire > produit recevoir > reçu savoir > susouffrir > souffertsuivre > suivi tenir > tenu venir > venuvivre > vécuvoir > vuvouloir > voulu Cite this Article Format mla apa chicago Your Citation Team, ThoughtCo. "French Past Participle: Participe Passé." ThoughtCo, Dec. 6, 2021, thoughtco.com/french-past-participle-1368899. Team, ThoughtCo. (2021, December 6). French Past Participle: Participe Passé. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/french-past-participle-1368899 Team, ThoughtCo. "French Past Participle: Participe Passé." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/french-past-participle-1368899 (accessed March 8, 2023). copy citation Watch Now: "Where's the Nearest Bank?" in French When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Cookies Settings Reject All Accept Cookies