Humanities › English How a Brand Name Becomes a Noun Share Flipboard Email Print Once a brand name, the word yo-yo has undergone the process of generification. (Hugh Threlfall/Getty Images) English English Grammar An Introduction to Punctuation Writing By Richard Nordquist Richard Nordquist English and Rhetoric Professor Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester B.A., English, State University of New York Dr. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. Learn about our Editorial Process Updated on July 23, 2019 Generification is the use of specific brand names of products as names for the products in general. In numerous cases over the past century, the colloquial use of a brand name as a generic term has led to the loss of a company's right to the exclusive use of that brand name. The legal term for this is genericide. For example, the common nouns aspirin, yo-yo, and trampoline were once legally protected trademarks. (In many countries—but not in the United States or the United Kingdom—Aspirin remains a registered trademark of Bayer AG.) Etymology: From the Latin, "kind" Generification and Dictionaries "A surprising number of words have developed contentious generic meanings: they include aspirin, band-aid, escalator, filofax, frisbee, thermos, tippex, and xerox. And the problem facing the lexicographer [dictionary-maker] is how to handle them. If it is everyday usage to say such things as I have a new hoover: it's an Electrolux, then the dictionary, which records everyday usage, should include the generic sense. The principle has been tested several times in the courts and the right of the dictionary-makers to include such usages is repeatedly upheld. But the decision still has to be made: when does a proprietary name develop a sufficient general usage to be safely called generic?" From Brand Names to Generic Terms These words below have gradually slipped from brand names to generic terms: Elevator and escalator were both originally trademarks of the Otis Elevator Company. Zipper: A name given to a 'separable fastener' by the B.F. Goodrich Company many years after it was invented. The new name helped the zipper attain popularity in the 1930s. Loafer: For a moccasin-like shoe. Cellophane: For a transparent wrap made of cellulose. Granola: A trademark registered in 1886 by W.K. Kellogg, now used for a 'natural' kind of breakfast cereal. Ping pong: For table tennis, a trademark registered by Parker Brothers in 1901. Source David Crystal, Words, Words, Words. Oxford University Press, 2006 Allan Metcalf, Predicting New Words: The Secrets of Their Success. Houghton Mifflin, 2002 Cite this Article Format mla apa chicago Your Citation Nordquist, Richard. "How a Brand Name Becomes a Noun." ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/generification-1690892. Nordquist, Richard. (2020, August 26). How a Brand Name Becomes a Noun. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/generification-1690892 Nordquist, Richard. "How a Brand Name Becomes a Noun." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/generification-1690892 (accessed May 30, 2023). copy citation