Solubility Product Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius

Ionic Equilibrium Table

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By
Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.
Chemistry Expert
  • Ph.D., Biomedical Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville
  • B.A., Physics and Mathematics, Hastings College
Dr. Helmenstine holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences and is a science writer, educator, and consultant. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels.
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Updated on February 28, 2018

The solubility product works as follows: In a water solution at equilibrium with a slightly soluble ionic compound, the product of the concentration of the ions, raised to the power of its coefficient in the solubility equation, is a constant. The solubility constant, Ksp, has a fixed value at a given temperature and is independent of the concentration of the individual ions. Here are values of Ksp for several slightly soluble ionic solids:

Actetates

AgC2H3O2 -- 2 x 10-3

Bromides

AgBr -- 5 x 10-13
PbBr2 -- 5 x 10-6

Carbonates

BaCO3 -- 2 x 10-9
CaCO3 -- 5 x 10-9
MgCO3 -- 2 x 10-8

Chlorides

AgCl -- 1.6 x 10-10
Hg2Cl2 -- 1 x 10-18
PbCl2 -- 1.7 x 10-5

Chromates

Ag2CrO4 -- 2 x 10-12
BaCrO4 -- 2 x 10-10
PbCrO4 -- 1 x 10-16
SrCrO4 -- 4 x 10-5

Fluorides

BaF2 -- 2 x 10-6
CaF2 -- 2 x 10-10
PbF2 -- 4 x 10-8

Hydroxides

Al(OH)3 -- 5 x 10-33
Cr(OH)3 -- 4 x 10-38
Fe(OH)2 -- 1 x 10-15
Fe(OH)3 -- 5 x 10-38
Mg(OH)2 -- 1 x 10-11
Zn(OH)2 -- 5 x 10-17

Iodides

AgI -- 1 x 10-16
PbI2 -- 1 x 10-8

Sulfates

BaSO4 -- 1.4 x 10-9
CaSO4 -- 3 x 10-5
PbSO4 -- 1 x 10-8

Sulfides

Ag2S -- 1 x 10-49
CdS -- 1 x 10-26
CoS -- 1 x 10-20
CuS -- 1 x 10-35
FeS -- 1 x 10-17
HgS -- 1 x 10-52
MnS -- 1 x 10-15
NiS -- 1 x 10-19
PbS -- 1 x 10-27
ZnS -- 1 x 10-20

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Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Solubility Product Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius." ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/solubility-product-constants-25-celsius-603965. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 26). Solubility Product Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/solubility-product-constants-25-celsius-603965 Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Solubility Product Constants at 25 Degrees Celsius." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/solubility-product-constants-25-celsius-603965 (accessed June 9, 2023).